在Android源码中使用java编写自己的应用程序

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HelloWorld

  • 程序目录结构如下：

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    ~/Android/packages/experimental/HelloWorld
    ----AndroidMainifest.xml
    ----Android.mk
    ----src
        ----com/eightplus/mydev
            ----HelloWorld.java
    ----res
        ----layout
            ----main.xml
        ----values
            ----strings.xml
        ----drawable
            ----icon.png

  • HelloWorld.java

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package com.eightplus.hello

import android.app.Activity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.util.log;

public class HelloWorld extends Activity {
    private final static String LOG_TAG = "HelloWorld";

    @Override
    public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.main);
        Log.i(LOG_TAG, "HelloWorld, Welcome!!!");
    }
}

  • main.xml

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    <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
    <LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    	android:orientation="vertical"
    	android:layout_width="fill_parent"
    	android:layout_height="fill_parent"
    	android:gravity="center">
    		<TextView
    			android:layout_width="wrap_content"
    			android:layout_height="wrap_content"
    			android:gravity="center"
    			android:text="@string/hello_world" >
    		</TextView>
    </LinearLayout>

  • strings.xml

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    <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
    <resources>
    	<string name="app_name">HellWorld</string>
    	<string name="hello_world">Hello World</string>
    </resources>

  • icon.png是应用程序的图标

  • AndroidMainifest.xml

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    <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
    <mainifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    	package="com.eightplus.hello"
    	android:versionCode="1"
    	android:versionName="1.0">
    	<application android:icon="@drawable/icon"
    		android:label="@string/app_name">
    		<activity android:name=".HelloWorld"
    			android:label="@string/app_name">
    			<intent-filter>
    				<action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />
    				<category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
    			</intent-filter>
    		</activity>
    	</application>
    </mainifest>

  • Android.mk

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    LOCAL_PATH := $(call my-dir)
    include $(CLEAR_VARS)
    LOCAL_MODULE_TAGS := optional
    LOCAL_SRC_FILES := $(call all-subdir-java-files)
    LOCAL_PACKAGE_NAME := HelloWorld
    include $(BUILD_PACKAGE)

  • 使用mmm命令单独编译HelloWorkd程序

  • ~/Android$ mmm ./packages/experimental/HelloWorld/
    编译完成之后，就可以在out/target/product/generic/system/app目录下看到编译结果的输出文件HelloWorld.apk了。
  • 重新打包Android系统文件system.img
  • ~/Android$ make snod
  • 运行模拟器
  • ~/Android$ emulator

Activity组件应用实例

该实例由三个Acitity组件组成：MainActivity、SubActivityInProcess和SubActivityInNewProcess。MainActivity是根Acitity，SubActivityInProcess和SubActivityInNewProcess是子Acitity。MainActivity和SubActivityInProcess运行在同一个进程中，而SubActivityInNewProcess运行在一个独立的进程中。

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    ~/Android/packages/experimental/Activity
    ----AndroidMainifest.xml
    ----Android.mk
    ----src
        ----com/eightplus/activity
            ----MainActivity.java
            ----SubActivityInProcess.java
            ----SubActivityInNewProcess.java
    ----res
        ----layout
            ----main.xml
            ----sub.xml
        ----values
            ----strings.xml
        ----drawable
            ----icon.png

  • MainActivity.java

SubActivityInProcess和SubActivityInNewProcess的组件名字分别被配置为”com.eightplus.activity.subactivity.in.process”和”com.eightplus.activity.subactivity.in.new.process”，因此调用成员和函数startActivity启动它们时，只需要分别指定这两个名称即可，不需要知道它们是哪个类来实现的。

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package com.eightplus.activity;  

import android.app.Activity;  
import android.content.Intent;  
import android.os.Bundle;  
import android.util.Log;  
import android.view.View;  
import android.view.View.OnClickListener;  
import android.widget.Button;  

public class MainActivity extends Activity  implements OnClickListener {  
    private final static String LOG_TAG = "com.eightplus.activity.MainActivity";  

    private Button startInProcessButton = null;
	private Button startInNewProcessButton = null;

    @Override  
    public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {  
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);  
        setContentView(R.layout.main);  

        startInProcessButton = (Button)findViewById(R.id.button_start_in_process);
        startInNewProcessButton = (Button)findViewById(R.id.button_start_in_new_process);
        startInProcessButton.setOnClickListener(this);
        startInNewProcessButton.setOnClickListener(this);

        Log.i(LOG_TAG, "Main Activity Created.");  
    }  

    @Override  
    public void onClick(View v) {  
        if(v.equals(startInProcessButton)) {  
            Intent intent = new Intent("com.eightplus.activity.subactivity.in.process");  
            startActivity(intent);  
        }
        else if(v.equals(startInNewProcessButton)) {  
            Intent intent = new Intent("com.eightplus.activity.subactivity.in.new.process");  
            startActivity(intent);  
        }
    }  
}

  • SubActivityInProcess.java
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package com.eightplus.activity;  

import android.app.Activity;  
import android.os.Bundle;  
import android.util.Log;  
import android.view.View;  
import android.view.View.OnClickListener;  
import android.widget.Button;  

public class SubActivityInProcess extends Activity implements OnClickListener {  
    private final static String LOG_TAG = "com.eightplus.activity.SubActivityInProcess";  

    private Button finishButton = null;  

    @Override  
    public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {  
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);  
        setContentView(R.layout.sub);  

        finishButton = (Button)findViewById(R.id.button_finish);  
        finishButton.setOnClickListener(this);  

        Log.i(LOG_TAG, "Sub Activity In Process Created.");  
    }  

    @Override  
    public void onClick(View v) {  
        if(v.equals(finishButton)) {  
            finish();  
        }  
    }  
}
  • SubActivityInNewProcess.java
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package com.eightplus.activity;  

import android.app.Activity;  
import android.os.Bundle;  
import android.util.Log;  
import android.view.View;  
import android.view.View.OnClickListener;  
import android.widget.Button;  

public class SubActivityInNewProcess extends Activity implements OnClickListener {  
    private final static String LOG_TAG = "com.eightplus.activity.SubActivityInNewProcess";  

    private Button finishButton = null;  

    @Override  
    public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {  
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);  
        setContentView(R.layout.sub);  

        finishButton = (Button)findViewById(R.id.button_finish);  
        finishButton.setOnClickListener(this);  

        Log.i(LOG_TAG, "Sub Activity In New Process Created.");  
    }  

    @Override  
    public void onClick(View v) {  
        if(v.equals(finishButton)) {  
            finish();  
        }  
    }  
}

  • main.xml

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    <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>  
    <LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"  
        android:orientation="vertical"  
        android:layout_width="fill_parent"  
        android:layout_height="fill_parent"   
        android:gravity="center">  
            <Button   
                android:id="@+id/button_start_in_process"  
                android:layout_width="wrap_content"  
                android:layout_height="wrap_content"  
                android:gravity="center"  
                android:text="@string/start_in_process" >  
            </Button>
            <Button   
                android:id="@+id/button_start_in_new_process"  
                android:layout_width="wrap_content"  
                android:layout_height="wrap_content"  
                android:gravity="center"  
                android:text="@string/start_in_new_process" >  
            </Button>
    </LinearLayout>

  • sub.xml

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    <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
    <LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"  
        android:orientation="vertical"  
        android:layout_width="fill_parent"  
        android:layout_height="fill_parent"   
        android:gravity="center">  
            <Button   
                android:id="@+id/button_finish"  
                android:layout_width="wrap_content"  
                android:layout_height="wrap_content"  
                android:gravity="center"  
                android:text="@string/finish" >  
            </Button>
    </LinearLayout>

  • strings.xml

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    <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
    <resources>
        <string name="app_name">Activity</string>
        <string name="sub_activity">Sub Activity</string>
        <string name="start_in_process">Start sub-activity in process</string>
        <string name="start_in_new_process">Start sub-activity in new process</string>
        <string name="finish">Finish activity</string>
    </resources>

  • icon.png为应用程序的图标

  • AndroidMainifest.xml

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    <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
    <manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
        package="com.eightplus.activity"
        android:versionCode="1"
        android:versionName="1.0">
        <application android:icon="@drawable/icon" android:label="@string/app_name">
            <activity android:name=".MainActivity"
                  android:label="@string/app_name"
                  android:process="com.eightplus.activity.mainprocess">
                <intent-filter>
                    <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />
                    <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
                </intent-filter>
            </activity>
            <activity android:label="@string/sub_activity"
                      android:name=".SubActivityInProcess"
                      android:process="com.eightplus.activity.mainprocess">
                <intent-filter>
                    <action android:name="com.eightplus.activity.subactivity.in.process"/>
                    <category android:name="android.intent.category.DEFAULT"/>
                </intent-filter>
            </activity>
            <activity android:label="@string/sub_activity"
                      android:name=".SubActivityInNewProcess"
                      android:process="com.eightplus.activity.newprocess">
                <intent-filter>
                    <action android:name="com.eightplus.activity.subactivity.in.new.process"/>
                    <category android:name="android.intent.category.DEFAULT"/>
                </intent-filter>
            </activity>
        </application>
    </manifest>

  • Android.mk

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    LOCAL_PATH:= $(call my-dir)
    include $(CLEAR_VARS)
    LOCAL_MODULE_TAGS := optional
    LOCAL_SRC_FILES := $(call all-subdir-java-files)
    LOCAL_PACKAGE_NAME := Activity
    include $(BUILD_PACKAGE)

  • 编译和打包

  • ~/Android$ mmm packages/experimental/Activity
  • ~/Android$ make snod
  • 启动模拟器
  • ~/Android$ emulator

Service组件应用实例

该实例由一个Service组件CounterService和一个Activity组件Counter组成。CounterService组件实现了一个计数器服务，它是由Counter组件启动起来的，并且与Counter组件绑定在一起。CounterService组件在内部使用一个异步任务(AsyncTask)来实现一个计数器，每隔一秒就将内部的计数加1,并且实时地将这个计数显示在Counter组件的用户界面上。由于计数器需要不停地执行加数功能，所以这里将它放在一个后台程序中运行，避免Counter组件不能及时地响应用户界面事件。

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    ~/Android/packages/experimental/Counter
    ----AndroidMainifest.xml
    ----Android.mk
    ----src
        ----com/eightplus/counter
            ----ICounterCallback.java
            ----ICounterService.java
            ----CounterService.java
            ----Counter.java
    ----res
        ----layout
            ----main.xml
            ----sub.xml
        ----values
            ----strings.xml
        ----drawable
            ----icon.png

  • ICounterCallback.java

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package com.eightplus.counter

publicd interface ICounterCallback {
    void count(int val);
}
  • ICounterService.java
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package com.eightplus.counter

publicd interface ICounterService {
    public void startCounter(int initVal, ICounterCallback callback);
    public void stopCounter();
}
  • CounterService.java
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package com.eightplus.counter

import android.app.Service;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.os.AsyncTask;
import android.os.Binder;
import android.os.IBinder;
import android.util.Log;

public class CounterService extends Service implements ICounterService {
    private final static String LOG_TAG = "com.eightplus.activity.CounterService";  

    private bool stop = false;
    private ICounterCallback counterCallback = null;

    private final IBinder binder = new CounterBinder();

    public class CounterBinder extends Binder {
        public CounterService getService() {
            return CounterService.this;
        }
    }

    @Override
    public IBinder onBind(Intent intent) {
        return binder;
    }

    @Override
    public void onCreate() {
        super.onCreate();
        Log.i(LOG_TAG, "Counter Service Created.");
    }

    public void startCounter(int initVal, ICounterCallback callback) {
        counterCallback = callback;
        AsyncTask<Integer, Integer, Integer> task = new AsyncTask<Integer, Integer, Integer>() {
            @Override
            protected Integer doInBackground(Integer... vals) {
                Integer initCounter = vals[0];

                stop = false;
                while(!stop) {
                    publishProcess(initCounter);
                    try {
                        Thread.sleep(1000);
                    } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                        e.printStackTrace();
                    }
                    initCounter++;
                }
                return initCounter;
            }

            @Override
            protected void onProgressUpdate(Integer... values) {
                super.onProgressUpdate(values);
                int val = values[0];
                counterCallback.count(val);
            }

            @Override
            protected void onPostExecute(Integer val) {
                counterCallback.count(val);
            }
        };
        task.execute(initVal);
    }

    public void stopCounter() {
        stop = true;
    }
}
  • Counter.java
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package com.eightplus.counter

import android.app.Activity;
import android.content.ComponentName;
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.content.IntentFilter;
import android.content.ServiceConnection;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.os.IBinder;
import android.util.Log;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.onClickListener;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.TextView;

public class Counter extends Activity implements OnClickListener, ICounterCallback {
    private final static String LOG_TAG = "com.eightplus.activity.Counter";

    private Button startButton = null;
    private Button stopButton = null;
    private TextView counterText = null;

    private ICounterService counterService = null;

    @Override
    public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.main);

        startButton = (Button)findViewById(R.id.button_start);
        stopButton = (Button)findViewById(R.id.button_stop);
        counterText = (TextView)findViewById(R.id.textview_counter);

        startButton.setOnClickListener(this);
        stopButton.setOnClickListener(this);
        startButton.setEnabled(true);
        stopButton.setEnabled(false);

        Intent bindIntent = new Intent(Counter.this, CounterService.class);
        bindService(bindIntent, serviceConnection, Context.BIND_AUTO_CREATE);

        Log.i(LOG_TAG, "Counter Activity Created.");
    }

    @Override
    public void onDestroy() {
        super.onDestory();
        unbindService(serviceConnection);
    }

    @Override
    public void onClick(View v) {
            if(v.equals(startButton)) {  
                if (counterService != null) {
                    counterService.startCounter(0, this);
                    startButton.setEnabled(false);
                    stopButton.setEnabled(true);
                }
            } else if(v.equals(stopButton)) {  
                if (counterService != null) {
                    counterService.stopCounter();
                    startButton.setEnabled(true);
                    stopButton.setEnabled(false);
                }
            }
    }

    @Override
    public void count(int val) {
        String text = String.valueOf(val);
        counterText.setText(text);
    }

    private ServiceConnection serviceConnection = new ServiceConnection() {
        public void onServiceConnected(ComponentName className, IBinder service) {
        counterService = ((CounterService.CounterBinder)service).getService();
        Log.i(LOG_TAG, "Counter Service Connected");
    }

    public void onServiceDisconnected(ComponentName className) {
        counterService = null;
        Log.i(LOG_TAG, "Counter Service DisConnected");
    }
}

  • main.xml

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    <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>  
    <LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"  
        android:orientation="vertical"  
        android:layout_width="fill_parent"
        android:layout_height="fill_parent"
        android:gravity="center">  
            <LinearLayout android:layout_width="fill_parent"
                android:layout_height="wrap_content"
                android:layout_marginBottom="10px"
                android:orientation="horizontal"
                android:gravity="center">
    		<TextView android:layout_width="wrap_content"
    		    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
    		    android:layout_marginBottom="4px"
    		    android:gravity="center"
    		    android:text="@string/counter">
    		</TextView>
    		<TextView android:id="@+id/textview_counter"
    		    android:layout_width="wrap_content"
    		    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
    		    android:gravity="center"
    		    android:text="@string/init_counter">
    		</TextView>
            </LinearLayout>
            <LinearLayout android:layout_width="fill_parent"
                android:layout_height="wrap_content"
                android:orientation="horizontal"
                android:gravity="center">
    		<Button android:id="@+id/button_start"
    		    android:layout_width="wrap_content"
    		    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
    		    android:gravity="center"
    		    android:text="@string/start">
    		</Button>
    		<Button android:id="@+id/button_stop"
    		    android:layout_width="wrap_content"
    		    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
    		    android:gravity="center"
    		    android:text="@string/stop">
    		</Button>
            </LinearLayout>
    </LinearLayout>

  • strings.xml

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    <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
    <resources>
        <string name="app_name">Counter</string>
        <string name="counter">Counter:</string>
        <string name="init_counter">0</string>
        <string name="start">Start Counter</string>
        <string name="stop">Stop Counter</string>
    </resources>

  • icon.png为应用程序的图标

  • AndroidMainifest.xml

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    <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
    <manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
        package="com.eightplus.counter"
        android:versionCode="1"
        android:versionName="1.0">
        <application android:icon="@drawable/icon" android:label="@string/app_name">
            <activity android:name=".Counter"
                  android:label="@string/app_name"
                <intent-filter>
                    <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />
                    <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
                </intent-filter>
            </activity>
            <service android:name=".CounterService"
                      android:enabled="true">
            </service>
        </application>
    </manifest>

  • Android.mk

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    LOCAL_PATH:= $(call my-dir)
    include $(CLEAR_VARS)
    LOCAL_MODULE_TAGS := optional
    LOCAL_SRC_FILES := $(call all-subdir-java-files)
    LOCAL_PACKAGE_NAME := Counter
    include $(BUILD_PACKAGE)

  • 编译和打包

  • ~/Android$ mmm ./packages/experimental/Counter/
  • ~/Android$ make snod
  • 启动模拟器
  • ~/Android$ emulator
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